Disperse dyes yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam dye.Lawv tsis muaj cov dej-soluble pawg muaj zog thiab tsis yog-ionic dyes uas yog dyed nyob rau hauv lub xeev dispersed thaum lub sij hawm dyeing txheej txheem.Feem ntau yog siv rau kev luam ntawv thiab dyeing ntawm polyester thiab nws cov ntaub sib xyaw.Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev luam ntawv thiab dyeing ntawm hluavtaws fibers xws li acetate fiber, nylon, polypropylene, yas, thiab acrylic.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm disperse dyes
1 Kev Taw Qhia:
Disperse dye yog ib hom dye uas yog me ntsis soluble nyob rau hauv dej thiab yog heev dispersed nyob rau hauv dej los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dispersant.Disperse dyes tsis muaj cov dej-soluble pawg thiab muaj qhov hnyav molecular.Txawm hais tias lawv muaj pawg polar (xws li hydroxyl, amino, hydroxyalkylamino, cyanoalkylamino, thiab lwm yam), lawv tseem tsis yog-ionic dyes.Xws li cov dyes muaj cov kev xav tau tom qab kev kho mob siab, thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua hauv av los ntawm ib lub zeb nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug dispersant los ua heev dispersed thiab crystal-stable hais ua ntej lawv yuav siv tau.Cov dej cawv dyeing ntawm disperse dyes yog ib qho kev ncua thiab ruaj khov.
2. Keeb kwm:
Disperse dyes tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees xyoo 1922 thiab feem ntau yog siv rau dyeing polyester fibers thiab acetate fibers.Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau dyeing acetate fibers thaum lub sij hawm ntawd.Tom qab xyoo 1950, nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm polyester fibers, nws tau tsim sai heev thiab tau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam dyeing.
Classification ntawm disperse dyes
1. Kev faib tawm los ntawm cov qauv molecular:
Raws li cov qauv molecular, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: hom azo, hom anthraquinone thiab hom heterocyclic.
Azo-type chromatographic agents ua tiav, nrog daj, txiv kab ntxwv, liab, ntshav, xiav thiab lwm yam xim.Azo-type disperse dyes tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li cov txheej txheem azo dye synthesis, cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis.(Tau suav txog li 75% ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob) Anthraquinone hom muaj xim liab, ntshav, xiav thiab lwm yam xim.(Tau suav txog li 20% ntawm cov dyes disperse) Lub npe nrov dye haiv neeg, anthraquinone-raws li dye heterocyclic hom, yog ib hom tshiab tsim dye, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim ci.(Cov hom heterocyclic suav txog li 5% ntawm cov dyes disperse) Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm anthraquinone hom thiab heterocyclic hom disperse dyes yog qhov nyuaj thiab tus nqi ntau dua.
2. Kev faib tawm raws li qhov kub tsis kam ntawm daim ntawv thov:
Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom kub tsawg, hom kub nruab nrab thiab hom kub kub.
Tsawg kub dyes, tsis tshua muaj sublimation ceev, zoo leveling kev ua tau zoo, haum rau qaug zog dyeing, feem ntau hu ua E-type dyes;kub kub dyes, siab sublimation ceev, tab sis tsis zoo levelness, haum rau kub yaj dyeing, hu ua S-type dyes;nruab nrab-kub dyes, nrog sublimation ceev ntawm ob saum toj no, kuj hu ua SE-type dyes.
3. Terminology hais txog disperse dyes
1. Xim ceev:
Cov xim ntawm textiles yog resistant rau ntau yam lub cev, tshuaj thiab biochemical teebmeem nyob rau hauv lub dyeing thiab tiav cov txheej txheem los yog nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv thiab noj.2. Txuj qhov tob:
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev lees paub qhov tob uas txhais qhov nruab nrab qhov tob li 1/1 tus qauv qhov tob.Cov xim ntawm tib tus qauv qhov tob yog qhov sib npaug ntawm lub hlwb, yog li cov xim nrawm tuaj yeem muab piv rau tib lub hauv paus.Tam sim no, nws tau tsim rau tag nrho rau qhov tob ntawm 2/1, 1/1, 1/3, 1/6, 1/12 thiab 1/25.3. Dyeing qhov tob:
Qhia tawm raws li qhov feem pua ntawm qhov hnyav hnyav rau fiber ntau, cov xim xim txawv txawv raws li xim sib txawv.Feem ntau, qhov tob dyeing yog 1%, qhov tob dyeing ntawm navy xiav yog 2%, thiab qhov tob dyeing ntawm dub yog 4%.4. Discoloration:
Qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo, qhov tob lossis ci ntsa iab ntawm cov xim ntawm cov ntaub dyed tom qab ib qho kev kho mob, los yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kev hloov no.5. Stain:
Tom qab qee qhov kev kho mob, cov xim ntawm cov ntaub dyed yog pauv mus rau cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob ib sab, thiab cov ntaub hauv ob sab phlu yog stained.6. Grey qauv daim npav rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov xim tsis zoo:
Hauv kev sim xim nrawm, tus qauv grey qauv daim npav siv los ntsuas qhov degree ntawm discoloration ntawm cov khoom dyed feem ntau hu ua daim npav discoloration qauv.7. Grey qauv daim npav rau kev ntsuam xyuas staining:
Nyob rau hauv cov xim ceev ceev, tus qauv grey qauv daim npav siv los ntsuas qhov degree ntawm staining ntawm cov khoom dyed rau hauv ob sab phlu feem ntau hu ua daim npav staining.8. Xim ceev ceev:
Raws li kev ntsuam xyuas xim ceev, qhov degree ntawm discoloration ntawm dyed fabrics thiab cov degree ntawm staining rau cov ntaub ntawv thaub qab, cov xim ceev ceev cov khoom ntawm textiles yog ntsuas.Ntxiv nrog rau lub teeb nrawm ntawm yim (tshwj tsis yog AATCC tus qauv lub teeb nrawm), tus so yog tsib-theem system, qib siab dua, zoo dua qhov ceev ceev.9. Npuag ntaub:
Hauv kev sim xim ceev ceev, txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm staining ntawm cov ntaub dyed rau lwm cov fibers, cov ntaub dawb uas tsis muaj xim yog kho nrog cov ntaub dyed.
Plaub, cov xim ceev ceev ntawm disperse dyes
1. Xim ceev rau lub teeb:
Lub peev xwm ntawm cov xim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los tiv thaiv raug rau lub teeb ci.
2. Xim ceev rau kev ntxuav:
Qhov tsis kam ntawm cov xim ntawm textiles rau kev ntxuav ntawm cov xwm txheej sib txawv.
3. Xim ceev rau txhuam:
Cov xim tsis kam ntawm textiles rau txhuam tuaj yeem muab faib ua kom qhuav thiab ntub ntub nrawm nrawm.
4. Xim ceev rau sublimation:
Qhov degree uas cov xim ntawm textile resists tshav kub sublimation.
5. Xim ceev rau hws:
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov xim ntawm textiles rau tib neeg hws tuaj yeem muab faib ua kua qaub thiab alkali perspiration ceev raws li acidity thiab alkalinity ntawm cov hws kuaj.
6. Xim ceev kom haus luam yeeb thiab fading:
Lub peev xwm ntawm textiles tiv thaiv nitrogen oxides hauv cov pa luam yeeb.Ntawm cov dyes disperse, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj cov qauv anthraquinone, cov dyes yuav hloov xim thaum lawv ntsib nitric oxide thiab nitrogen dioxide.
7. Xim ceev kom sov compression:
Lub peev xwm ntawm cov xim ntawm textiles los tiv thaiv ironing thiab cov menyuam ua.
8. Xim ceev kom qhuav cua sov:
Lub peev xwm ntawm cov xim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los tiv thaiv kev kho cua sov qhuav.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-21-2022